{"id":210,"date":"2026-07-14T10:13:19","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T02:13:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ssjava.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/07\/14\/01-hello-java-env-setup\/"},"modified":"2026-07-14T10:13:19","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T02:13:19","slug":"01-hello-java-env-setup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ssjava.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/07\/14\/01-hello-java-env-setup\/","title":{"rendered":"01. \u521d\u8bc6 Java\uff1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u5230\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97 2024 \u5e74 TIOBE \u6307\u6570\u6392\u884c\u699c\u4e0a\uff0cJava \u7a33\u5c45\u524d\u4e09\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 1000 \u4e07 Java \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002\u4ece\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u540e\u7aef\u5230\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4ece Android \u5e94\u7528\u5230\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cJava \u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u5b83\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u73a9\u610f\u513f\u5b89\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u5806\u672f\u8bed\u2014\u2014JDK\u3001JRE\u3001JVM \u50bb\u50bb\u5206\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5934\u5927\u3002\u522b\u6025\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5e2e\u4f60\u4e00\u6b21\u7406\u6e05\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001Java \u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1991 \u5e74\uff0cSun Microsystems \u7684 James Gosling \u56e2\u961f\u539f\u672c\u60f3\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u7528\u7535\u5668\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u9879\u76ee\u540d Green\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5bb6\u7535\u6ca1\u706b\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5374\u706b\u4e86\u30021995 \u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u4e3a Java\uff0c\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b\u5496\u5561\u2014\u2014\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684 Logo \u662f\u4e00\u676f\u5192\u7740\u70ed\u6c14\u7684\u5496\u5561\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1996<\/strong>\uff1aJDK 1.0 \u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u53e3\u53f7 &#8220;Write Once, Run Anywhere&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>2004<\/strong>\uff1aJDK 5.0\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u6cdb\u578b\u3001\u6ce8\u89e3\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u7bb1\u2014\u2014\u7ffb\u5929\u8986\u5730\u7684\u5347\u7ea7<\/li>\n<li><strong>2014<\/strong>\uff1aJava 8 \u53d1\u5e03\uff0cLambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f + Stream API\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u4ee3<\/li>\n<li><strong>2018 \u81f3\u4eca<\/strong>\uff1a\u6539\u4e3a\u6bcf\u534a\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0cJava 11 \/ 17 \/ 21 \u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684 LTS\uff08\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\uff09\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u95ee\uff1a\u6211\u8be5\u5b66\u54ea\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff1f<\/strong> \u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u662f <strong>Java 17<\/strong>\uff08LTS\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684 LTS \u662f <strong>Java 21<\/strong>\u3002\u65b0\u624b\u76f4\u63a5\u88c5 Java 17 \u6216 21 \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7167\u6837\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001JDK\u3001JRE\u3001JVM \u5230\u5e95\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u65b0\u624b\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u6df7\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>JDK<\/strong>\uff08Java Development Kit\uff09= JRE + \u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff08javac\u3001jar\u3001javadoc \u7b49\uff09<br><strong>JRE<\/strong>\uff08Java Runtime Environment\uff09= JVM + \u6838\u5fc3\u7c7b\u5e93<br><strong>JVM<\/strong>\uff08Java Virtual Machine\uff09= \u6267\u884c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a<\/p>\n\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f60\u60f3<strong>\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>\u522b\u4eba\u5199\u597d\u7684 Java \u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u88c5 JRE \u5c31\u591f\u4e86<\/li>\n<li>\u4f60\u60f3<strong>\u81ea\u5df1\u5199<\/strong> Java \u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u5fc5\u987b\u88c5 JDK\uff08\u5b83\u91cc\u9762\u81ea\u5e26 JRE\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>JVM<\/strong> \u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u7801\uff0c\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a .class \u6587\u4ef6\uff0cWindows \u4e0a\u7684 JVM \u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 Windows \u6307\u4ee4\uff0cLinux \u4e0a\u7684 JVM \u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 Linux \u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u8c13 &#8220;Write Once, Run Anywhere&#8221; \u7684\u9b54\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u5404\u81ea\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 JVM\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u7684 .class \u6587\u4ef6\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5e73\u53f0\u7684 JVM \u4e0a\u90fd\u80fd\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u88c5 JDK\uff08\u4ee5 Java 17 \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u4e0b\u8f7d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a8\u8350\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e20\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Oracle JDK<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oracle.com\/java\/technologies\/downloads\/\">https:\/\/www.oracle.com\/java\/technologies\/downloads\/<\/a> \u9009\u62e9 Java 17\uff08LTS\uff09\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>OpenJDK<\/strong>\uff08\u514d\u8d39\u5f00\u6e90\uff09\uff1a\u63a8\u8350 <a href=\"https:\/\/adoptium.net\/\">Adoptium\uff08Eclipse Temurin\uff09<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f Java 17 LTS\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9996\u9009\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e24\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u65b0\u624b\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u90fd\u884c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 Adoptium \u7684 OpenJDK\u2014\u2014\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u65e0\u7248\u6743\u987e\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 \u5b89\u88c5\uff08Windows \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e0b\u8f7d <code>.msi<\/code> \u6216 <code>.exe<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5\u5305\uff0c\u53cc\u51fb\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u8def Next\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>C:Program FilesEclipse Adoptiumjdk-17.0.10.7-hotspot<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e <strong>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53f3\u952e&#8221;\u6b64\u7535\u8111&#8221; \u2192 \u5c5e\u6027 \u2192 \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e \u2192 \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u65b0\u5efa <code>JAVA_HOME<\/code>\uff0c\u503c\u4e3a JDK \u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5982 <code>C:Program FilesEclipse Adoptiumjdk-17.0.10.7-hotspot<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7f16\u8f91 <code>Path<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u884c <code>%JAVA_HOME%bin<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff08CMD \u6216 PowerShell\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>java -version\njavac -version<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>openjdk version \"17.0.10\" 2024-01-16\nOpenJDK Runtime Environment Temurin-17.0.10+7 (build 17.0.10+7)\nOpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Temurin-17.0.10+7 (build 17.0.10+7, mixed mode)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001IntelliJ IDEA \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u9760\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c\u3002\u63a8\u8350 IDE \u9996\u9009 <strong>IntelliJ IDEA<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u793e\u533a\u7248\uff08\u514d\u8d39\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u53bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/idea\/download\/\">https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/idea\/download\/<\/a> \u4e0b\u8f7d Community \u7248\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u591f\u7528<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ultimate \u7248\uff08\u4ed8\u8d39\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e86 Spring \/ \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u7533\u8bf7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\uff0cIDEA \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 JDK\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb <strong>File \u2192 Project Structure \u2192 SDK \u2192 Add JDK<\/strong> \u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a <code>JAVA_HOME<\/code> \u8def\u5f84\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a HelloWorld \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\uff08New Project\uff09\u2192 \u9009\u62e9 Java \u2192 \u9009\u62e9 JDK 17 \u2192 \u5728 <code>src<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Java \u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class HelloWorld {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        System.out.println(\"Hello, Java!\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53f3\u952e \u2192 Run &#8216;HelloWorld.main()&#8217;\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Hello, Java!<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u606d\u559c\uff0c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86 Java \u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65 \ud83c\udf89<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u521d\u63a2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u5728 IDEA \u91cc\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b Run \u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong>\uff1a<code>javac HelloWorld.java<\/code> \u5c06 .java \u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210 <code>HelloWorld.class<\/code> \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a<code>java HelloWorld<\/code> \u542f\u52a8 JVM\uff0c\u628a .class \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9010\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u7801\u5e76\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6765\u4e00\u904d\u8bd5\u8bd5\uff08\u5728 IDEA \u7684 Terminal \u91cc\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u8fdb\u5165 src \u76ee\u5f55\ncd src\n\n# \u7f16\u8bd1\njavac HelloWorld.java\n\n# \u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a HelloWorld.class \u6587\u4ef6\nls -l HelloWorld.class\n\n# \u8fd0\u884c\njava HelloWorld<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528 javac \u4e5f\u80fd\u8dd1\uff1f<\/strong> IDEA \u5e2e\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u540e\u9047\u5230 <code>ClassNotFoundException<\/code> \u6216 <code>NoClassDefFoundError<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u7c7b\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u8282\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ece Java \u5386\u53f2\u5230\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e86 JDK \u2192 JRE \u2192 JVM \u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4eb2\u624b\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 JDK 17 \u548c IntelliJ IDEA\uff0c\u8dd1\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a HelloWorld\uff0c\u8fd8\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89e3\u5256\u4e00\u4e2a Java \u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u770b\u770b <code>src<\/code>\u3001<code>package<\/code>\u3001<code>import<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u5929\u89c1\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97 2024 \u5e74 TIOBE \u6307\u6570\u6392\u884c\u699c\u4e0a\uff0cJava \u7a33\u5c45\u524d\u4e09\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 1000 \u4e07 Java \u5f00\u53d1\u8005 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